📖 Guide · 7 min read

Best US States for Solar Energy in 2026

Where in the US does solar make the most sense? We rank states by solar resource, incentives, electricity rates, and payback period.

🏆 Top 10 States for Solar Energy in 2026

We rank states based on a combination of solar resource (PSH), electricity rates, state incentives, net metering policies, and installation costs.

RankStateAvg PSHElectricity RateFederal ITCState Incentive
1Arizona6.5$0.14/kWh30%Property tax exemption
2California5.8$0.30/kWh30%SGIP battery rebate
3Nevada6.2$0.12/kWh30%Net metering 1:1
4New Mexico6.3$0.14/kWh30%Solar tax credit (10%)
5Colorado5.5$0.14/kWh30%Property tax exemption
6Texas5.2$0.14/kWh30%Property tax exemption
7Utah5.8$0.11/kWh30%Solar tax credit (10%)
8Hawaii5.3$0.42/kWh30%Self-supply program
9Massachusetts4.2$0.28/kWh30%SMART program
10New York3.8$0.23/kWh30%NY-Sun rebate

Best States by Solar Resource (Peak Sun Hours)

These states have the best solar resources — more sunlight means smaller, cheaper solar arrays:

  1. Arizona — 6.5 PSH (best in the continental US)
  2. New Mexico — 6.3 PSH
  3. Nevada — 6.2 PSH
  4. California (desert) — 6.0 PSH
  5. Utah — 5.8 PSH

A system in Arizona needs only half the solar panels as the same system in Washington state. That's why location matters so much — use our NREL-powered calculator to get your exact numbers.

States with the Best Solar Incentives

Beyond the federal 30% Investment Tax Credit (ITC), these states offer additional incentives that significantly reduce solar costs:

  • California: Self-Generation Incentive Program (SGIP) — up to $1,000/kWh for battery storage
  • New York: NY-Sun program — up to $5,000 off residential solar
  • Massachusetts: SMART program — guaranteed payments for solar production
  • Colorado: Property tax exemption — no increase in property taxes from solar
  • Oregon: Solar + Storage Rebate program — up to $5,000

The ITC alone reduces your solar system cost by 30% with no cap. Combined with state incentives, many homeowners see payback periods of 5-8 years in top-tier states.

Best States for Off-Grid Solar

For off-grid solar specifically, the best states offer three things: high sun hours, lenient building codes, and affordable land:

  • 🏜️ Arizona — Best solar resource, but hot summers reduce panel efficiency
  • 🏔️ New Mexico — Excellent sun, cool climate = great panel performance
  • 🏔️ Colorado — 300+ sunny days, strong off-grid community
  • 🌲 Maine — Growing off-grid community, lower land costs (but fewer sun hours)
  • 🌲 Texas (West) — Cheap land, good sun, minimal regulations

No matter where you are, our calculator uses real NREL data for your specific city — so you get accurate numbers for any location.

Worst States for Solar

These states face challenges for solar adoption:

  • Washington — Low sun hours (2.8-3.5 PSH), but cheap hydroelectric power
  • Alaska — Extreme seasonal variation (very little sun in winter)
  • West Virginia — Low sun hours, limited state incentives
  • Kentucky — Below average sun, low electricity rates (longer payback)

Even in these states, off-grid solar can still make sense for remote cabins where grid connection costs more than solar. Use our calculator to see your specific numbers.

📍 Want to see what solar looks like for your location? Enter your city in our calculator and get real NREL data.

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